  | after 1906 member of the executive committee of the SPD
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  | 1916-1918 and 1920-1931 member of the Reichstag
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  | 1919-1920 Reichs Foreign Minister and member of the National Assembly
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  | 1920-1928 Chairman of the SPD fraction in the Reichstag
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  | 1920 as Reichs Chancellor leader of the last cabinet of the “Weimar coalition” consisting of the SPD, the DDP, and Center
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  | 1928-1930 Reichs Chancellor of the “Grand Coalition”
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